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The American Indian Religious Freedom Act, Public Law No. 95–341, 92 Stat. 469 (Aug. 11, 1978) (commonly abbreviated to AIRFA), codified at 42 U.S.C. § 1996, is a United States federal law, enacted by joint resolution of the Congress in 1978. Prior to the act, many aspects of Native American religions and sacred ceremonies had been ...
t. e. The Native American Church ( NAC ), also known as Peyotism and Peyote Religion, is a syncretic Native American religion that teaches a combination of traditional Native American beliefs and elements of Christianity, especially pertaining to the Ten Commandments, with sacramental use of the entheogen peyote. [ 2]
The peyote (/ p eɪ ˈ oʊ t i /; Lophophora williamsii / l ə ˈ f ɒ f ə r ə w ɪ l i ˈ æ m z i aɪ /) is a small, spineless cactus which contains psychoactive alkaloids, [2] particularly mescaline (see also: cactus alkaloids). [3] Peyote is a Spanish word derived from the Nahuatl peyōtl ([ˈpejoːt͡ɬ]), meaning "caterpillar cocoon ...
U.S. Const. amend. Employment Division, Department of Human Resources of Oregon v. Smith, 494 U.S. 872 (1990), is a United States Supreme Court case that held that the state could deny unemployment benefits to a person fired for violating a state prohibition on the use of peyote even though the use of the drug was part of a religious ritual.
Carlisle alumni, founding conference of the National Congress of American Indians, 1944. The Society of American Indians was the first national American Indian rights organization run by and for American Indians and pioneered twentieth century Pan-Indianism. The Society was a twentieth century forum for a new generation of American Indian leaders.
The Religious Freedom Restoration Act was a cornerstone for tribes challenging the National Forest Service 's plans to permit upgrades to Arizona's Snowbowl ski resort. Six tribes were involved, including the Navajo, Hopi, Havasupai, and Hualapai. The tribes objected on religious grounds to the plans to use reclaimed water.
A flowering peyote cactus The Peyote Religion (legally termed and more properly known as the Native American Church ), also sometimes called the "Peyote Road" or the "Peyote Way", is a religious tradition involving the ceremonial and sacred use of Lophophora williamsii ( peyote ). [ 29 ]
Peyote Way's constitutional claims were dismissed. Peyote Way Church of God, Inc. v. Thornburgh was a court case decided by the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit in which the Peyote Way Church of God challenged an exemption in the Controlled Substances Act that permitted members of the Native American Church to use peyote in ...