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A deep cycle battery powering a traffic signal. A deep-cycle battery is a battery designed to be regularly deeply discharged using most of its capacity. The term is traditionally mainly used for lead–acid batteries in the same form factor as automotive batteries; and contrasted with starter or 'cranking' automotive batteries designed to deliver only a small part of their capacity in a short ...
An electric vehicle battery is a rechargeable battery used to power the electric motors of a battery electric vehicle (BEV) or hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). They are typically lithium-ion batteries that are designed for high power-to-weight ratio and energy density. Compared to liquid fuels, most current battery technologies have much lower ...
Charge cycle. A charge cycle is the process of charging a rechargeable battery and discharging it as required into a load. The term is typically used to specify a battery's expected life, as the number of charge cycles affects life more than the mere passage of time. Discharging the battery fully before recharging may be called "deep discharge ...
the fraction of the battery's capacity which is currently removed from the battery with regard to its (fully) charged state. For fully charged batteries, the depth of discharge is connected to the state of charge by the simple formula. D o D = 1 − S o C {\displaystyle \mathrm {DoD} =1-\mathrm {SoC} } The depth of discharge then is the ...
The lead-acid battery is a type of rechargeable battery first invented in 1859 by French physicist Gaston Planté. It is the first type of rechargeable battery ever created. Compared to modern rechargeable batteries, lead-acid batteries have relatively low energy density. Despite this, they are able to supply high surge currents.
The charging current (in A units) can be written as C/t where t is a time. For example, for a battery with C = 40 Ah, a current C/10 is equal to 4 A. The charging current is a compromise between charging time (favoring high currents), the prevention of damage due to overheating or outgassing (favoring low currents), and cost of the charger ...
State of charge. State of charge ( SoC) quantifies the remaining capacity available in a battery at a given time and in relation to a given state of ageing. [ 1] It is usually expressed as percentage (0% = empty; 100% = full). An alternative form of the same measure is the depth of discharge ( DoD), calculated as 1 − SoC (100% = empty; 0% ...
The amount of range gained per time charging, charging speed, is the ratio of charging power to the vehicle's consumption, and its inverse is the charging time per driven distance: C h a r g i n g s p e e d [ k m / h ] ≡ c h a r g i n g p o w e r [ k W ] c o n s u m p t i o n [ k W h / k m ] {\displaystyle Charging\ speed\ [km/h]\equiv {\frac ...