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In a simple central processing unit (CPU), the PC is a digital counter (which is the origin of the term "program counter") that may be one of several hardware registers. The instruction cycle [ 7] begins with a fetch, in which the CPU places the value of the PC on the address bus to send it to the memory. The memory responds by sending the ...
The program counter is typically set to a hard coded value when the CPU is first powered on, and will hence execute whatever machine code happens to be at this address. Similarly, the program counter can be set to execute whatever machine code is at some arbitrary address, even if this is not valid machine code.
Control flow. v. t. e. In computer science, control flow (or flow of control) is the order in which individual statements, instructions or function calls of an imperative program are executed or evaluated. The emphasis on explicit control flow distinguishes an imperative programming language from a declarative programming language.
Instruction cycle. The instruction cycle (also known as the fetch–decode–execute cycle, or simply the fetch-execute cycle) is the cycle that the central processing unit (CPU) follows from boot-up until the computer has shut down in order to process instructions. It is composed of three main stages: the fetch stage, the decode stage, and the ...
The Little Man Computer ( LMC) is an instructional model of a computer, created by Dr. Stuart Madnick in 1965. [ 1] The LMC is generally used to teach students, because it models a simple von Neumann architecture computer—which has all of the basic features of a modern computer. It can be programmed in machine code (albeit in decimal rather ...
A counter machine or counter automaton is an abstract machine used in a formal logic and theoretical computer science to model computation. It is the most primitive of the four types of register machines. A counter machine comprises a set of one or more unbounded registers, each of which can hold a single non-negative integer, and a list of ...
Instruction register. In computing, the instruction register ( IR) or current instruction register ( CIR) is the part of a CPU 's control unit that holds the instruction currently being executed or decoded. [1] In simple processors, each instruction to be executed is loaded into the instruction register, which holds it while it is decoded ...
Processor register. A register-transfer level (RTL) description of a 8-bit register with detailed implementation, showing how 8 bits of data can be stored by using Flip-flops. A processor register is a quickly accessible location available to a computer's processor. [ 1] Registers usually consist of a small amount of fast storage, although some ...