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This action expels the spent air-fuel mixture through the exhaust port. Four-stroke engines are the most common internal combustion engine design for motorized land transport, [1] being used in automobiles, trucks, diesel trains, light aircraft and motorcycles. The major alternative design is the two-stroke cycle. [1]
The efficiency often reported for a particular engine, however, is not its maximum efficiency but a fuel economy cycle statistical average. For example, the cycle average value of BSFC for a gasoline engine is 322 g/(kW⋅h), translating to an efficiency of 25% (1/(322 × 0.0122225) = 0.2540).
Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine. OHV 2 valves × cyl. The Chevrolet 153 cu in engine was an inline-four engine designed in the early 1960s for use in the Chevy II. It is a four-cylinder variant of the Turbo-Thrift six-cylinder engine. After 1970, GM ceased production of the 153 engine in North America because of low demand (and the inline-six ...
A gasoline engine burns a mix of gasoline and air, consisting of a range of about twelve to eighteen parts (by weight) of air to one part of fuel (by weight). A mixture with a 14.7:1 air/fuel ratio is stoichiometric, that is when burned, 100% of the fuel and the oxygen are consumed.
The 366 cu in (6.0 L) big-block V-8 gasoline engine was used in Chevrolet medium duty trucks and school buses. It had a bore and a stroke of 3.935 in × 3.76 in (99.9 mm × 95.5 mm). This engine was made from the 1960s until 2004.The 366 used 4 rings on the pistons, as it was designed from the very beginning as a truck engine.
The first person to build a working four-stroke engine, a stationary engine using a coal gas-air mixture for fuel (a gas engine), was German engineer Nicolaus Otto. [4] This is why the four-stroke principle today is commonly known as the Otto cycle and four-stroke engines using spark plugs often are called Otto engines.
Consumption map. A consumption map or efficiency map [1] is a chart that displays the brake-specific fuel consumption of an internal combustion engine at a given rotational speed and mean effective pressure, in grams per kilowatt-hour (g/kWh). The map contains each possible condition combining rotational speed and mean effective pressure. The ...
In a piston engine, the static compression ratio ( ) is the ratio between the volume of the cylinder and combustion chamber when the piston is at the bottom of its stroke, and the volume of the combustion chamber when the piston is at the top of its stroke. [ 9] It is therefore calculated by the formula [ 10] where. is the displacement volume.