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Data analysis for fraud detection. Fraud represents a significant problem for governments and businesses and specialized analysis techniques for discovering fraud using them are required. Some of these methods include knowledge discovery in databases (KDD), data mining, machine learning and statistics. They offer applicable and successful ...
Link analysis. In network theory, link analysis is a data-analysis technique used to evaluate relationships (Tap link [clarification needed]) between nodes. Relationships may be identified among various types of nodes (100k [clarification needed] ), including organizations, people and transactions. Link analysis has been used for investigation ...
Coupon collector's problem. In probability theory, the coupon collector's problem refers to mathematical analysis of "collect all coupons and win" contests. It asks the following question: if each box of a given product (e.g., breakfast cereals) contains a coupon, and there are n different types of coupons, what is the probability that more ...
In statistics, a misleading graph, also known as a distorted graph, is a graph that misrepresents data, constituting a misuse of statistics and with the result that an incorrect conclusion may be derived from it. Graphs may be misleading by being excessively complex or poorly constructed. Even when constructed to display the characteristics of ...
Here are 4 charts that show the issues brick-and-mortar retailers in several major markets are facing. Crime isn’t the full story: What else is affecting retailers in urban areas, in 4 charts ...
In the United States, the relationship between race and crime has been a topic of public controversy and scholarly debate for more than a century. Crime rates vary significantly between racial groups; however, academic research indicates that the over-representation of some racial minorities in the criminal justice system can in part be explained by socioeconomic factors, such as poverty ...
In Denmark, scientific misconduct is defined as "intention [al] negligence leading to fabrication of the scientific message or a false credit or emphasis given to a scientist", and in Sweden as "intention [al] distortion of the research process by fabrication of data, text, hypothesis, or methods from another researcher's manuscript form or ...
The aggregate cost of crime in the United States is significant, with an estimated value of $4.9 trillion reported in 2021. [8] Data from the first half of 2023, from government and private sector sources show that the murder rate has dropped, as much as 12% in as many as 90 cities across the United States. [9]