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History of Istanbul. Depiction of Istanbul, then known in English as Constantinople, from Young Folks' History of Rome by Charlotte Mary Yonge. Neolithic artifacts, uncovered by archeologists at the beginning of the 21st century, indicate that Istanbul 's historic peninsula was settled as far back as the 6th millennium BCE. [ 1]
Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire, [ j] historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, [ 24][ 25] was an imperial realm [ k] centred in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe between the early 16th ...
The Fra Mauro map, completed around 1459, is a map of the then-known world. Following the standard practice at that time, south is at the top. The map was said by Giovanni Battista Ramusio to have been partially based on the one brought from Cathay by Marco Polo. This is a chronology of the early European exploration of Asia. [1]
The history of Turkey, understood as the history of the area now forming the territory of the Republic of Turkey, includes the history of both Anatolia (the Asian part of Turkey) and Eastern Thrace (the European part of Turkey). These two previously politically distinct regions came under control of the Roman Empire in the second century BC ...
Greek, Ancient Greek. Latin. Byzantine. Byzantium ( / bɪˈzæntiəm, - ʃəm /) or Byzantion ( Ancient Greek: Βυζάντιον) was an ancient Thracian settlement and later a Greek city in classical antiquity that became known as Constantinople in late antiquity and which is known as Istanbul today.
But the sultanate loses power.) Mongols defeat Kipchaks. Mameluk general (later sultan) Baybars defeats Ilkhanate leader Hulagu in Battle of Ayn Jalut . Karamanoğlu Mehmet Bey a semi independent bey (prince) in Anatolia (also a short term vizier of Seljuks) declares Turkish as the official language in his reign.
History of Asia. Detail of Chinese silk from the 4th century BCE. The characteristic trade of silk through the Silk Road connected various regions from China, India, Central Asia, and the Middle East to Europe and Africa. The history of Asia can be seen as the collective history of several distinct peripheral coastal regions such as East Asia ...
Year. Date. Event. 334 BC. Alexander III of Macedon crosses the Hellespont into Asia, making his landing in present-day Turkey. 334 BC. May. Alexander III of Macedon defeats the armies of the Achaemenid Empire in the Battle of the Granicus river (modern-day Biga Çayı ). 333 BC.