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Beaufort cipher. The Beaufort cipher, invented by some Giovanni Sestri in early 18th century but widely attributed to Sir Francis Beaufort, [1] is a substitution cipher similar to the Vigenère cipher, with a slightly modified enciphering mechanism and tableau. [2] Its most famous application was in a rotor-based cipher machine, the Hagelin M ...
For example, some 16-bit CRC schemes swap the bytes of the check value. Omission of the high-order bit of the divisor polynomial: Since the high-order bit is always 1, and since an n-bit CRC must be defined by an (n + 1)-bit divisor which overflows an n-bit register, some writers assume that it is unnecessary to mention the divisor's high-order ...
Many 16-bit CPUs already existed in the mid-1970s. Over the next 30 years, the shift to 16-bit, 32-bit and 64-bit computing allowed, respectively, 2 16 = 65,536 unique words, 2 32 = 4,294,967,296 unique words and 2 64 = 18,446,744,073,709,551,616 unique words, each step offering a meaningful advantage until 64 bits was reached.
Fibre Channel 8b/10b encoding. Layer 0. Physical. In telecommunications, 8b/10b is a line code that maps 8-bit words to 10-bit symbols to achieve DC balance and bounded disparity, and at the same time provide enough state changes to allow reasonable clock recovery. This means that the difference between the counts of ones and zeros in a string ...
32. 64. 128. v. t. e. Bit slicing is a technique for constructing a processor from modules of processors of smaller bit width, for the purpose of increasing the word length; in theory to make an arbitrary n -bit central processing unit (CPU). Each of these component modules processes one bit field or "slice" of an operand.
t. e. The bfloat16 ( brain floating point) [ 1][ 2] floating-point format is a computer number format occupying 16 bits in computer memory; it represents a wide dynamic range of numeric values by using a floating radix point. This format is a shortened (16-bit) version of the 32-bit IEEE 754 single-precision floating-point format (binary32 ...
16-bit application. In the context of IBM PC compatible and Wintel platforms, a 16-bit application is any software written for MS-DOS, OS/2 1.x or early versions of Microsoft Windows which originally ran on the 16-bit Intel 8088 and Intel 80286 microprocessors. Such applications used a 20- bit or 24-bit segment or selector-offset address ...
Audio bit depth. An analog signal (in red) encoded to 4-bit PCM digital samples (in blue); the bit depth is four, so each sample's amplitude is one of 16 possible values. In digital audio using pulse-code modulation (PCM), bit depth is the number of bits of information in each sample, and it directly corresponds to the resolution of each sample.