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The Scale of the Universe is an interactive online visualization tool first created in 2010 by Cary and Michael Huang, two brothers from Moraga, California. [1] [2] ...
The two scientists first presented independent technical papers about "The Scale of the Universe" during the day and then took part in a joint discussion that evening. Much of the lore of the Great Debate grew out of two papers published by Shapley and by Curtis in the May 1921 issue of the Bulletin of the National Research Council. The ...
The universe is bathed in highly isotropic microwave radiation that corresponds to a thermal equilibrium blackbody spectrum of roughly 2.72548 kelvins. [7] The hypothesis that the large-scale universe is homogeneous and isotropic is known as the cosmological principle. [116]
Dark matter (26.8%) Dark energy (68.3%) [ 6] The observable universe is a ball-shaped region of the universe consisting of all matter that can be observed from Earth or its space-based telescopes and exploratory probes at the present time; the electromagnetic radiation from these objects has had time to reach the Solar System and Earth since ...
Therefore, the cosmic microwave background is a picture of the universe at the end of this epoch including the tiny fluctuations generated during inflation (see 9-year WMAP image), and the spread of objects such as galaxies in the universe is an indication of the scale and size of the universe as it developed over time.
The expansion of the universe is parameterized by a dimensionless scale factor = (with time counted from the birth of the universe), defined relative to the present time, so = =; the usual convention in cosmology is that subscript 0 denotes present-day values, so denotes the age of the universe. The scale factor is related to the observed ...
This more-than-20-billion-year timeline of our universe shows the best estimates of major events from the universe's beginning to anticipated future events. Zero on the scale is the present day. A large step on the scale is one billion years; a small step, one hundred million years.
e. In physical cosmology, the shape of the universe refers to both its local and global geometry. Local geometry is defined primarily by its curvature, while the global geometry is characterised by its topology (which itself is constrained by curvature). General relativity explains how spatial curvature (local geometry) is constrained by gravity.