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The phrase crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) was first used by C. Ray Jeffery, a criminologist from Florida State University. The phrase began to gain acceptance after the publication of his 1971 book of the same name. Jeffery's work was based on the precepts of experimental psychology represented in modern learning theory.
Crime prevention is the attempt to reduce and deter crime and criminals. It is applied specifically to efforts made by governments to reduce crime, enforce the law, and maintain criminal justice . Studies [ edit ]
Natural surveillance is a term used in crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) models for crime prevention. These models rely on the ability to influence offender decisions preceding criminal acts. Research into criminal behavior demonstrates that the decision to offend or not to offend is more influenced by cues to the perceived ...
Problem-oriented policing (POP), coined by University of Wisconsin–Madison professor Herman Goldstein, is a policing strategy that involves the identification and analysis of specific crime and disorder problems, in order to develop effective response strategies. POP requires police to identify and target underlying problems that can lead to ...
History. Prior to intelligence-led policing, a responsive strategy was the main method of policing. However, as crime was perceived to outgrow police resources in the UK in the early 1990s, there was a demand gap, and a desire from police forces and policy-makers for a new strategy that would more efficiently use the resources available at the time
e. Organized crime is a category of transnational, national, or local group of centralized enterprises run to engage in illegal activity, most commonly for profit. While organized crime is generally thought of as a form of illegal business, some criminal organizations, such as terrorist groups, rebel forces, and separatists, are politically ...
Crime contagion models relate to the idea, of whether crime is contagious. [1] Contagion models predict a positive relationship between neighborhood violent crime rates and the propensity of moving to opportunity ( MTO) participants to engage in violent crime. [2] The notion of crime spreading across surrounding environments feeds on the idea ...
Environmental criminology is the study of crime, criminality, and victimization as they relate, first, to particular places, and secondly, to the way that individuals and organizations shape their activities spatially, and in so doing are in turn influenced by place-based or spatial factors. In 1971, C. Ray Jeffery published "Crime Prevention ...