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The Polish alphabet ( Polish: alfabet polski, abecadło) is the script of the Polish language, the basis for the Polish system of orthography. It is based on the Latin alphabet but includes certain letters (9) with diacritics: the acute accent ( kreska; ć, ń, ó, ś, ź ); the overdot ( kropka; ż ); the tail or ogonek ( ą, ę ); and the ...
The Polish alphabet contains 32 letters. Q, V and X are not used in the Polish language. The inhabitants of different regions of Poland still speak Polish somewhat differently, although the differences between modern-day vernacular varieties and standard Polish (język ogólnopolski) appear relatively slight.
Polish orthography is the system of writing the Polish language. The language is written using the Polish alphabet, which derives from the Latin alphabet, but includes some additional letters with diacritics. [1] : 6 The orthography is mostly phonetic, or rather phonemic—the written letters (or combinations of them) correspond in a consistent ...
Letter frequency is the number of times letters of the alphabet appear on average in written language. Letter frequency analysis dates back to the Arab mathematician Al-Kindi ( c. 801 –873 AD), who formally developed the method to break ciphers. Letter frequency analysis gained importance in Europe with the development of movable type in 1450 ...
Old Polish (Pre 1500) Poles began writing in the 12th century using the Latin alphabet. [1] This alphabet, however, was ill-equipped to deal with Polish phonology, particularly the palatal consonants (now written as ś, ź, ć, dź ), the retroflex group (now sz, ż, and cz) as well as the nasal vowels (now written as ą, ę ).
Polish, like other Slavic languages, permits complex consonant clusters, which often arose from the disappearance of yers (see § Historical development above). Polish can have word-initial and word-medial clusters of up to four consonants, whereas word-final clusters can have up to five consonants. [ 83]
Ł or ł, described in English as L with stroke, is a letter of the Polish, Kashubian, Sorbian, Belarusian Latin, Ukrainian Latin, Wymysorys, Navajo, Dëne Sųłıné, Inupiaq, Zuni, Hupa, Sm'álgyax, Nisga'a, and Dogrib alphabets, several proposed alphabets for the Venetian language, and the ISO 11940 romanization of the Thai script.
Help. : IPA/Polish. This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Polish on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Polish in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do ...
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