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The Belmont Report summarizes ethical principles and guidelines for human subject research. Three core principles are identified: respect for persons, Beneficence, and Justice. The three primary areas of application were stated as informed consent, assessment of risks and benefits, and selection of human subjects in research .
Declaration of Helsinki. The Declaration of Helsinki ( DoH, Finnish: Helsingin julistus) is a set of ethical principles regarding human experimentation developed originally in 1964 for the medical community by the World Medical Association (WMA). [1] It is widely regarded as the cornerstone document on human research ethics.
All of these reactions led to the 1979 creation and publishing of the Belmont Report. This report identifies respect for persons, beneficence, and justice as ethical principles which must underlie human subject research.
The most commonly recognized source for drawing attention to the importance of justice is the Belmont Report, [1] which used the term "justice" to describe a set of guidelines for the selection of research subjects. [2] This is a critical safeguard to making clinical research ethical. [3]
The three basic ethical principles outlined in the Belmont Report are respect for persons, beneficence, and justice. [17] Respect for persons incorporates emphasis on the subjects and their autonomy, meaning their ability to make decisions in the research.
The Belmont Report Main article: Belmont Report The Belmont Report was created in 1978 by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research to describe the ethical behaviors that involve researching human subjects.
The Nuremberg Code ( German: Nürnberger Kodex) is a set of ethical research principles for human experimentation created by the court in U.S. v Brandt, one of the Subsequent Nuremberg trials that were held after the Second World War .
The result of these abuses was the National Research Act of 1974 and the development of the Belmont Report, which outlined the primary ethical principles in human subjects review; these include "respect for persons", "beneficence", and "justice".