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Material properties of diamond. Burns above 700 °C in air. Diamond is the allotrope of carbon in which the carbon atoms are arranged in the specific type of cubic lattice called diamond cubic. It is a crystal that is transparent to opaque and which is generally isotropic (no or very weak birefringence ).
In 2001, a diamond-like-structured c-BC 2 N was synthesized at pressures >18 GPa and temperatures >2,200 K by a direct solid-state phase transition of graphite-like (BN) 0.48 C 0.52. The reported Vickers and Knoop hardnesses were intermediate between diamond and c-BN, making the new phase the second hardest known material. [39]
Diamond. Typically yellow, brown, or gray to colorless. Less often blue, green, black, translucent white, pink, violet, orange, purple, and red. Diamond is a solid form of the element carbon with its atoms arranged in a crystal structure called diamond cubic. Diamond as a form of carbon is a tasteless, odourless, strong, and brittle solid that ...
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Lab-grown diamonds of various colors grown by the high-pressure-and-temperature technique. Laboratory-grown (LGD), also called lab-grown diamond, [1] laboratory-created, man-made, artisan-created, artificial, synthetic, or cultured diamond, is diamond that is produced in a controlled technological process (in contrast to naturally formed diamond, which is created through geological processes ...
In crystallography, the diamond cubic crystal structure is a repeating pattern of 8 atoms that certain materials may adopt as they solidify. While the first known example was diamond, other elements in group 14 also adopt this structure, including α-tin, the semiconductors silicon and germanium, and silicon–germanium alloys in any proportion.
Lonsdaleite (named in honour of Kathleen Lonsdale ), also called hexagonal diamond in reference to the crystal structure, is an allotrope of carbon with a hexagonal lattice, as opposed to the cubical lattice of conventional diamond. It is found in nature in meteorite debris; when meteors containing graphite strike the Earth, the immense heat ...
Network covalent bonding. A network solid or covalent network solid (also called atomic crystalline solids or giant covalent structures) [ 1][ 2] is a chemical compound (or element) in which the atoms are bonded by covalent bonds in a continuous network extending throughout the material. In a network solid there are no individual molecules, and ...
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