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  2. Computer architecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_architecture

    Computer architecture. Block diagram of a basic computer with uniprocessor CPU. Black lines indicate control flow, whereas red lines indicate data flow. Arrows indicate the direction of flow. In computer science and computer engineering, computer architecture is a description of the structure of a computer system made from component parts. [ 1]

  3. Data structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_structure

    A data structure known as a hash table.. In computer science, a data structure is a data organization, and storage format that is usually chosen for efficient access to data. [1] [2] [3] More precisely, a data structure is a collection of data values, the relationships among them, and the functions or operations that can be applied to the data, [4] i.e., it is an algebraic structure about data.

  4. von Neumann architecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Von_Neumann_architecture

    A von Neumann architecture scheme. The von Neumann architecture —also known as the von Neumann model or Princeton architecture —is a computer architecture based on a 1945 description by John von Neumann, and by others, in the First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC. [ 1 ] The document describes a design architecture for an electronic digital ...

  5. Data hierarchy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_hierarchy

    Purpose of the data hierarchy. "Data hierarchy" is a basic concept in data and database theory and helps to show the relationships between smaller and larger components in a database or data file. It is used to give a better sense of understanding about the components of data and how they are related. It is particularly important in databases ...

  6. Information system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_system

    A computer(-based) information system is essentially an IS using computer technology to carry out some or all of its planned tasks. The basic components of computer-based information systems are: Hardware are the devices like the monitor, processor, printer, and keyboard, all of which work together to accept, process, show data, and information.

  7. Data type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_type

    In computer science and computer programming, a data type (or simply type) is a collection or grouping of data values, usually specified by a set of possible values, a set of allowed operations on these values, and/or a representation of these values as machine types. [ 1] A data type specification in a program constrains the possible values ...

  8. Data processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_processing

    A data processing system is a combination of machines, people, and processes that for a set of inputs produces a defined set of outputs. The inputs and outputs are interpreted as data, facts, information etc. depending on the interpreter's relation to the system. A term commonly used synonymously with data or storage (codes) processing system ...

  9. Database - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database

    An SQL select statement and its result. In computing, a database is an organized collection of data or a type of data store based on the use of a database management system ( DBMS ), the software that interacts with end users, applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze the data. The DBMS additionally encompasses the core ...