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The algebraic reconstruction technique ( ART) is an iterative reconstruction technique used in computed tomography. It reconstructs an image from a series of angular projections (a sinogram ). Gordon, Bender and Herman first showed its use in image reconstruction; [1] whereas the method is known as Kaczmarz method in numerical linear algebra.
Cramer's rule. In linear algebra, Cramer's rule is an explicit formula for the solution of a system of linear equations with as many equations as unknowns, valid whenever the system has a unique solution. It expresses the solution in terms of the determinants of the (square) coefficient matrix and of matrices obtained from it by replacing one ...
The intersection point is the solution. In mathematics, a system of linear equations (or linear system) is a collection of two or more linear equations involving the same variables. [ 1] [ 2] For example, is a system of three equations in the three variables x, y, z. A solution to a linear system is an assignment of values to the variables such ...
However, an overdetermined system will have solutions in some cases, for example if some equation occurs several times in the system, or if some equations are linear combinations of the others. The terminology can be described in terms of the concept of constraint counting. Each unknown can be seen as an available degree of freedom.
The system + =, + = has exactly one solution: x = 1, y = 2 The nonlinear system + =, + = has the two solutions (x, y) = (1, 0) and (x, y) = (0, 1), while + + =, + + =, + + = has an infinite number of solutions because the third equation is the first equation plus twice the second one and hence contains no independent information; thus any value of z can be chosen and values of x and y can be ...
Infinite impulse response. Infinite impulse response ( IIR) is a property applying to many linear time-invariant systems that are distinguished by having an impulse response that does not become exactly zero past a certain point but continues indefinitely. This is in contrast to a finite impulse response (FIR) system, in which the impulse ...
List. v. t. e. In mathematics, delay differential equations ( DDEs) are a type of differential equation in which the derivative of the unknown function at a certain time is given in terms of the values of the function at previous times. DDEs are also called time-delay systems, systems with aftereffect or dead-time, hereditary systems, equations ...
A linear differential equation or a system of linear equations such that the associated homogeneous equations have constant coefficients may be solved by quadrature, which means that the solutions may be expressed in terms of integrals. This is also true for a linear equation of order one, with non-constant coefficients.