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The basic Arabic alphabet contains 28 letters. Forms using the Arabic script to write other languages added and removed letters: for example Persian, Ottoman Turkish, Kurdish, Urdu, Sindhi, Azerbaijani, Malay, Acehnese, Banjarese, Javanese, Pashto, Punjabi, Uyghur, Arwi and Arabi Malayalam all have additional letters in their alphabets.
Letter written by Ayuba Suleiman Diallo (1701–1773) Arabic Text From 1768; Letter written by Abdul Rahman Ibrahima Sori (1762–1829) Former use. With the establishment of Muslim rule in the subcontinent, one or more forms of the Arabic script were incorporated among the assortment of scripts used for writing native languages.
Those letters that do not have a close phonetic approximation in the Latin script are often expressed using numerals or other characters, so that the numeral graphically approximates the Arabic letter that one would otherwise use (e.g. ع is represented using the numeral 3 because the latter looks like a vertical reflection of the former).
Punctuation and ornaments. Only the Arabic question mark ؟ and the Arabic comma ، are used in regular Arabic script typing and the comma is often substituted for the Latin script comma , which is also used as the decimal separator when the Eastern Arabic numerals are used (e.g. 100.6 compared to ١٠٠,٦ ).
Origins. The Arabic alphabet evolved either from the Nabataean, [1] [2] or (less widely believed) directly from the Syriac. [3] The table below shows changes undergone by the shapes of the letters from the Aramaic original to the Nabataean and Syriac forms. The Arabic script shown is that of post-Classical and Modern Arabic—notably different ...
The romanization of Arabic is the systematic rendering of written and spoken Arabic in the Latin script. Romanized Arabic is used for various purposes, among them transcription of names and titles, cataloging Arabic language works, language education when used instead of or alongside the Arabic script, and representation of the language in ...
Ḍād ( ﺽ) is one of the six letters the Arabic alphabet added to the twenty-two inherited from the Phoenician alphabet (the others being ṯāʾ, ḫāʾ, ḏāl, ẓāʾ, ġayn ). In name and shape, it is a variant of ṣād . Its numerical value is 800 (see Abjad numerals ). In Modern Standard Arabic and many dialects, it represents an ...
Arabic calligraphy is the artistic practice of handwriting and calligraphy based on the Arabic alphabet. It is known in Arabic as khatt ( Arabic: خَطّ ), derived from the words 'line', 'design', or 'construction'. [1] [2] Kufic is the oldest form of the Arabic script . From an artistic point of view, Arabic calligraphy has been known and ...