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Finally, since the early 1970s, the United States has engaged in a historically unprecedented expansion of its imprisonment systems at both the federal and state level. Since 1973, the number of incarcerated persons in the United States has increased five-fold. Now, about 2,200,000 people, or 3.2 percent of the adult population, are imprisoned ...
Criminology and penology. Prison reform is the attempt to improve conditions inside prisons, improve the effectiveness of a penal system, reduce recidivism or implement alternatives to incarceration. [ 1] It also focuses on ensuring the reinstatement of those whose lives are impacted by crimes.
The Watergate scandal was a major political controversy in the United States during the presidency of Richard Nixon from 1972 to 1974, ultimately resulting in Nixon's resignation. The name originated from attempts by the Nixon administration to conceal its involvement in the June 17, 1972 break-in at the Democratic National Committee ...
Medical Marijuana, Inc. v. Horn, No. 23-365, 603 U.S. ___ (2025) The Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations ( RICO) Act is a United States federal law that provides for extended criminal penalties and a civil cause of action for acts performed as part of an ongoing criminal organization . RICO was enacted by Title IX of the Organized ...
A prison officer ( PO) or corrections officer ( CO ), also known as a correctional law enforcement officer or less formally as a prison guard, is a uniformed law enforcement official responsible for the custody, supervision, safety, and regulation of prisoners. They are responsible for the security of the facility and its property as well as ...
Prison overcrowding in the United States is a social phenomenon occurring when the demand for space in a U.S. prison exceeds the capacity for prisoners. [ 1] The issues associated with prison overcrowding are not new, and have been brewing for many years. During the United States' War on Drugs, the states were left responsible for solving the ...
Criminal justice reform seeks to address structural issues in criminal justice systems such as racial profiling, police brutality, overcriminalization, mass incarceration, and recidivism. Reforms can take place at any point where the criminal justice system intervenes in citizens’ lives, including lawmaking, policing, sentencing and ...
The exterior of Federal Correctional Institution, Milan. The Bureau of Prisons was established within the Department of Justice on May 14, 1930 by the United States Congress, [ 5] and was charged with the "management and regulation of all Federal penal and correctional institutions." [ 6] This responsibility covered the administration of the 11 ...