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X-ray filter. An X-ray filter (or compensating filter) is a device placed in front of an X-ray source in order to reduce the intensity of particular wavelengths from its spectrum and selectively alter the distribution of X-ray wavelengths within a given beam before reaching the image receptor. [ 1] Adding a filtration device to certain x-ray ...
An X-ray tube is a vacuum tube that converts electrical input power into X-rays. [ 1] The availability of this controllable source of X-rays created the field of radiography, the imaging of partly opaque objects with penetrating radiation. In contrast to other sources of ionizing radiation, X-rays are only produced as long as the X-ray tube is ...
X-ray detector. Acquisition of projectional radiography, with an X-ray generator and an imaging detector. X-ray detectors are devices used to measure the flux, spatial distribution, spectrum, and/or other properties of X-rays . Detectors can be divided into two major categories: imaging detectors (such as photographic plates and X-ray film ...
Rigid copper is a popular choice for water lines. Rigid or "Hard" copper tubing is generally referred to as "pipe". Copper "piping" is referred to by nominal pipe size, or the inner diameter. It is joined using a solder/sweat, roll grooved, compression, or crimped/pressed connection. Rigid copper, rigid due to the work hardening of the drawing ...
Rachinger correction. In X-ray diffraction, the Rachinger correction is a method for accounting for the effect of an undesired K-alpha 2 peak in the energy spectrum. Ideally, diffraction measurements are made with X-rays of a single wavelength. Practically, the x-rays for a measurement are usually generated in an X-ray tube from a metal's K ...
An X-ray generator generally contains an X-ray tube to produce the X-rays. Possibly, radioisotopes can also be used to generate X-rays. [1]An X-ray tube is a simple vacuum tube that contains a cathode, which directs a stream of electrons into a vacuum, and an anode, which collects the electrons and is made of tungsten to evacuate the heat generated by the collision.
Characteristic X-ray. Characteristic X-rays are emitted when outer- shell electrons fill a vacancy in the inner shell of an atom, releasing X-rays in a pattern that is "characteristic" to each element. Characteristic X-rays were discovered by Charles Glover Barkla in 1909, [ 1] who later won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery in 1917.
X-ray optics. X-ray optics is the branch of optics that manipulates X-rays instead of visible light. It deals with focusing and other ways of manipulating the X-ray beams for research techniques such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray crystallography, X-ray fluorescence, small-angle X-ray scattering, X-ray microscopy, X-ray phase-contrast imaging, and ...