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This glossary of physics is a list of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to physics, its sub-disciplines, and related fields, including mechanics, materials science, nuclear physics, particle physics, and thermodynamics. For more inclusive glossaries concerning related fields of science and technology, see Glossary of chemistry terms ...
G {\displaystyle G} electrical conductance. siemens (S) universal gravitational constant. newton meter squared per kilogram squared (N⋅m 2 /kg 2 ) shear modulus. pascal (Pa) or newton per square meter (N/m 2 ) g {\displaystyle \mathbf {g} } acceleration due to gravity.
A metric prefix is a unit prefix that precedes a basic unit of measure to indicate a multiple or submultiple of the unit. All metric prefixes used today are decadic. Each prefix has a unique symbol that is prepended to any unit symbol. The prefix kilo-, for example, may be added to gram to indicate multiplication by one thousand: one kilogram ...
The prefixes are never combined, so for example a millionth of a metre is a micrometre, not a millimillimetre. Multiples of the kilogram are named as if the gram were the base unit, so a millionth of a kilogram is a milligram, not a microkilogram. [5]: 122 [11]: 14 The BIPM specifies 24 prefixes for the International System of Units (SI):
Unit prefix. A unit prefix is a specifier or mnemonic that is prepended to units of measurement to indicate multiples or fractions of the units. Units of various sizes are commonly formed by the use of such prefixes. The prefixes of the metric system, such as kilo and milli, represent multiplication by positive or negative powers of ten.
The tonne (t) is an SI-compatible unit of mass equal to a megagram ( Mg ), or 10 3 kg. The unit is in common use for masses above about 10 3 kg and is often used with SI prefixes. For example, a gigagram ( Gg) or 10 9 g is 10 3 tonnes, commonly called a kilotonne .
Orders of magnitude (time) An order of magnitude of time is usually a decimal prefix or decimal order-of-magnitude quantity together with a base unit of time, like a microsecond or a million years. In some cases, the order of magnitude may be implied (usually 1), like a "second" or "year". In other cases, the quantity name implies the base unit ...
the figure formed by two rays, called the sides of the angle, sharing a common endpoint, called the vertex of the angle. degree (°) ∠ BAC. extensive, scalar. Luminous intensity. Iv. Wavelength - weighted power of emitted light per unit solid angle. candela (cd) J.