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  2. Codec - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codec

    A codec is a device or computer program that encodes or decodes a data stream or signal. [1][2][3] Codec is a portmanteau of coder/decoder. [4] In electronic communications, an endec is a device that acts as both an encoder and a decoder on a signal or data stream, [5] and hence is a type of codec. Endec is a portmanteau of encoder/decoder.

  3. Instruction set architecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instruction_set_architecture

    Machine code. In computer science, an instruction set architecture (ISA) is an abstract model that generally defines how software controls the CPU in a computer or a family of computers. [1] A device or program that executes instructions described by that ISA, such as a central processing unit (CPU), is called an implementation of that ISA.

  4. Audio codec - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_codec

    An audio codec, or audio decoder is a device or computer program capable of encoding or decoding a digital data stream (a codec) that encodes or decodes audio. [1][2][3][4] In software, an audio codec is a computer program implementing an algorithm that compresses and decompresses digital audio data according to a given audio file or streaming ...

  5. Video codec - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_codec

    Video codec. A short video explaining the concept of video codecs. A video codec is software or hardware that compresses and decompresses digital video. In the context of video compression, codec is a portmanteau of encoder and decoder, while a device that only compresses is typically called an encoder, and one that only decompresses is a decoder.

  6. Computer number format - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_number_format

    Computer number format. A computer number format is the internal representation of numeric values in digital device hardware and software, such as in programmable computers and calculators. [1] Numerical values are stored as groupings of bits, such as bytes and words. The encoding between numerical values and bit patterns is chosen for ...

  7. Computer programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programming

    e. Computer programming or coding is the composition of sequences of instructions, called programs, that computers can follow to perform tasks. [1][2] It involves designing and implementing algorithms, step-by-step specifications of procedures, by writing code in one or more programming languages. Programmers typically use high-level ...

  8. Microcode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcode

    t. e. In processor design, microcode serves as an intermediary layer situated between the central processing unit (CPU) hardware and the programmer-visible instruction set architecture of a computer, also known as its machine code. [1][page needed] It consists of a set of hardware-level instructions that implement the higher-level machine code ...

  9. Line code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_code

    The receiver is designed so that either code word of the pair decodes to the same data bits. Examples include alternate mark inversion, Differential Manchester encoding, coded mark inversion and Miller encoding. differential coding each symbol relative to the previous symbol. Examples include MLT-3 encoding and NRZI.