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An upper respiratory tract infection ( URTI) is an illness caused by an acute infection, which involves the upper respiratory tract, including the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx or trachea. [3] [4] This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, and the common cold.
Common cold. The common cold or the cold is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the respiratory mucosa of the nose, throat, sinuses, and larynx. [6] [8] Signs and symptoms may appear in as little as two days after exposure to the virus. [6] These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose ...
Typical infections of the upper respiratory tract include tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, certain influenza types, and the common cold. Symptoms of URIs can include cough, sore throat, runny nose, nasal congestion, headache, low-grade fever, facial pressure, and sneezing. Lower respiratory tract infection
Pharyngitis is a type of upper respiratory tract infection. [7] Most cases are caused by a viral infection. [2] Strep throat, a bacterial infection, is the cause in about 25% of children and 10% of adults. [2] Uncommon causes include other bacteria such as gonococcus, fungi, irritants such as smoke, allergies, and gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Croup, also known as laryngotracheobronchitis, is a type of respiratory infection that is usually caused by a virus. [2] The infection leads to swelling inside the trachea, which interferes with normal breathing and produces the classic symptoms of "barking/brassy" cough, inspiratory stridor and a hoarse voice. [2]
Epstein–Barr virus infectious mononucleosis (Mono) Fever – usually lasting 14 days; often mild. Sore throat – usually severe for 3–5 days, before resolving in the next 7–10 days. Swollen glands – mobile; usually located around the back of the neck (posterior cervical lymph nodes) and sometimes throughout the body.
Streptococcal pharyngitis, also known as streptococcal sore throat ( strep throat ), is pharyngitis (an infection of the pharynx, the back of the throat) caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, a gram-positive, group A streptococcus. [10] [11] Common symptoms include fever, sore throat, red tonsils, and enlarged lymph nodes in the front of the neck.
Treatment. Voice rest, fluids [1] Frequency. Common [1] Laryngitis is inflammation of the larynx (voice box). [1] Symptoms often include a hoarse voice and may include fever, cough, pain in the front of the neck, and trouble swallowing. [1] [2] Typically, these last under two weeks. [1] Laryngitis is categorised as acute if it lasts less than ...