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  2. Multivariable calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivariable_calculus

    Multivariable calculus is used in many fields of natural and social science and engineering to model and study high-dimensional systems that exhibit deterministic behavior. In economics , for example, consumer choice over a variety of goods, and producer choice over various inputs to use and outputs to produce, are modeled with multivariate ...

  3. Jacobian matrix and determinant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobian_matrix_and...

    Calculus. In vector calculus, the Jacobian matrix ( / dʒəˈkoʊbiən /, [ 1][ 2][ 3] / dʒɪ -, jɪ -/) of a vector-valued function of several variables is the matrix of all its first-order partial derivatives. When this matrix is square, that is, when the function takes the same number of variables as input as the number of vector components ...

  4. Linearization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linearization

    In mathematics, linearization is finding the linear approximation to a function at a given point. The linear approximation of a function is the first order Taylor expansion around the point of interest. In the study of dynamical systems, linearization is a method for assessing the local stability of an equilibrium point of a system of nonlinear ...

  5. System of linear equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_of_linear_equations

    In mathematics, a system of linear equations (or linear system) is a collection of two or more linear equations involving the same variables. [1] [2] For example, is a system of three equations in the three variables x, y, z. A solution to a linear system is an assignment of values to the variables such that all the equations are simultaneously ...

  6. Matrix calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_calculus

    Miscellanea. v. t. e. In mathematics, matrix calculus is a specialized notation for doing multivariable calculus, especially over spaces of matrices. It collects the various partial derivatives of a single function with respect to many variables, and/or of a multivariate function with respect to a single variable, into vectors and matrices that ...

  7. Initial value problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initial_value_problem

    Initial value problem. In multivariable calculus, an initial value problem[ a] ( IVP) is an ordinary differential equation together with an initial condition which specifies the value of the unknown function at a given point in the domain. Modeling a system in physics or other sciences frequently amounts to solving an initial value problem.

  8. Vector calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_calculus

    Vector calculus or vector analysis is a branch of mathematics concerned with the differentiation and integration of vector fields, primarily in three-dimensional Euclidean space, . The term vector calculus is sometimes used as a synonym for the broader subject of multivariable calculus , which spans vector calculus as well as partial ...

  9. Euler method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler_method

    It is the most basic explicit method for numerical integration of ordinary differential equations and is the simplest Runge–Kutta method. The Euler method is named after Leonhard Euler, who first proposed it in his book Institutionum calculi integralis (published 1768–1770). [ 1]