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von Neumann architecture. The von Neumann architecture —also known as the von Neumann model or Princeton architecture —is a computer architecture based on a 1945 description by John von Neumann, and by others, in the First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC. [ 1 ] The document describes a design architecture for an electronic digital computer ...
Bottleneck (software) In software engineering, a bottleneck occurs when the capacity of an application or a computer system is limited by a single component, like the neck of a bottle slowing down the overall water flow. The bottleneck has the lowest throughput of all parts of the transaction path. System designers try to avoid bottlenecks ...
Memory based on MOS transistors, was developed in the late 1960s and was the basis for all early commercial semiconductor memory. The first commercial DRAM IC chip, the 1K Intel 1103, was introduced in October 1970. Synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM) later debuted with the Samsung KM48SL2000 chip in 1992.
Bottleneck (engineering) This graphic shows the bottleneck that can arise between the CPU, memory controller, and peripherals. In engineering, a bottleneck is a phenomenon by which the performance or capacity of an entire system is severely limited by a single component. The component is sometimes called a bottleneck point.
This phenomenon, known as an "interconnect bottleneck", is becoming a major problem in high-performance computer systems. [ 2] This interconnect bottleneck can be solved by utilizing optical interconnects to replace the long metallic interconnects. [ 3] Such hybrid optical/electronic interconnects promise better performance even with larger ...
The bottleneck is the minimum residual capacity of all the edges in a given augmenting path. [2] See example explained in the "Example" section of this article. The flow network is at maximum flow if and only if it has a bottleneck with a value equal to zero. If any augmenting path exists, its bottleneck weight will be greater than 0.
Load balancing (computing) Diagram illustrating user requests to an Elasticsearch cluster being distributed by a load balancer. (Example for Wikipedia .) In computing, load balancing is the process of distributing a set of tasks over a set of resources (computing units), with the aim of making their overall processing more efficient.
Homebuilt computer. A custom built or home-built computer is a computer assembled by its user and made of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, rather than purchased as a complete and ready to use machine, also known as a "pre-built" or out-of-the-box system. Building a computer at home is generally considered a cost-effective alternative ...